Connecticut State Prison

In the late nineteenth century, prisoners in Alabama, the vast majority of them African Americans, were forced to work as coal miners under the most horrendous conditions imaginable. Black Prisoners and Their World draws on a variety of sources, including the reports and correspondence of prison inspectors and letters from prisoners and their families, to explore the history of the African-American men and women whose labor made Alabama's prison system the most profitable in the nation. To coal companies and the state of Alabama, black prisoners provided, respectively, sources of cheap labor and state revenue. By 1883 a significant percentage of the workforce in the Birmingham coal industry was made up of convicts. But to the families and communities from which the prisoners came, the convict lease was a living symbol of the dashed hopes of Reconstruction. Indeed, the lease -- the system under which the prisoners labored for the profit of the company and the state -- demonstrated Alabama's reluctance to let go of slavery, and its determination to pursue profitable prisons no matter what the human cost. Despite the efforts of prison officials, progressive reformers, and labor unions, the state refused to take prisoners out of the coal mines. In the course of her narrative, Mary Ellen Curtin describes how some prisoners died while others endured unspeakable conditions and survived. Curtin argues that black prisoners used their mining skills to influence prison policy, demand better treatment, and become wage-earning coal miners upon their release. Black Prisoners and Their World unearths new evidence about life under the most repressive institution in the New South. Curtinsuggests disturbing parallels between the lease and today's burgeoning system of private incarceration.

-- According to the U.S. Justice Department's Bureau of Prisons, the prison population in American has jumped from 330,000 in 1980 to 1,300,000 -- an increase of 280%. The overall prison population in the U.S. is more than 2,000,000. -- Approximately 2,000 men and women enter either a state, local, or federal prison each week in the United States, most for the first time. -- There is virtually no competition for this title. With the numbers of prisoners at the local, state, and federal levels at an all-time high, staying alive in prison -- all of which are crowded far beyond their normal capacity, creating a very unpleasant environment at best -- is harder than at any time in American history. Behind Bars: Surviving Prison will show you the best ways to avoid being beaten, sexually abused, and most importantly, getting killed. Other survival tips include how to land a favorable work assignment, the best ways to bribe prison guards, how to work the parole system, and a glossary of prison slang to make the transition easier.